The comic book was a distinctly American invention borne out of the practice of collecting a run of newspaper strip comics into a magazine format. Although they consisted of previously printed material, they sold well enough for publishers the keep up the practice. Soon there was a need for original material...
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A History of Comics
This website provides a chronological history of the comic book in America. There are two ways to follow the history. One is an overview of events while the other is a timeline from the very beginning in the 1700's(!)up to 1990.
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Classic Comic Books of the Golden Age
The Golden Age of comics began in 1938 with the introduction of Superman. Other heroes such as Batman, Wonder Woman, The Sub-Mariner, and The Human Torch soon followed. The "Superhero" comic quickly eclipsed the humor strips that were so popular at the time.
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Classic Comic Books of the Silver Age
The Silver Age is usually defined as the years between 1955 and 1970. At the time, comics for the most part were dying a slow death due to disinterest and censorship. DC Comics changed all that with the introduction of The Flash, the fastest man alive in 1956. The second Age of comics was born.
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Classic Comic Books of the Modern Age
The beginning of the Modern Age of comics is still in dispute as some sources have labeled the time between 1970 and1985 (approximately) as the Bronze Age of Comics. As this is widely argued I have labeled all books since 1970 part of the Modern Age until a clear distinction is made.
Dr. Fredric Wertham singlehandedly accomplished what scores of villains never could. He almost killed Superman! The comic book, that is. He was directly responsible for one of the biggest censorship witchhunts in the 1950's. Comics almost came to an end because of him.
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Fredric Wertham
An essay about Dr. Fredric Wertham. His book Seduction of the Innocent threw a scare into parents and caused the entire comics industry to grind almost to a halt. A direct result of this censorship was the development of the Comics Code which sets standards for the content of comics.
Although most people associate comic books with superheroes, there are comics that span all genres: romance, detective, humor, horror, funny animal, war, western, adaptations of literary works, 3d, adult and some that defy description. The following is a listing and some examples of other types of comics.
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Romance Comics
Probably the biggest genre to appeal to girls who, sadly make up only a fraction of the readership. Romance comics for the most part have died out although some independent titles still exist that deal with relationships instead of fantasy elements.
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Detective/Mystery Comics
Although comic detectives have spanned the existence of comics, they took a back seat to the superhero comic until recently. A number of critically acclaimed books have featured urban crime and espionage as their bread and butter.
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Humor Comics
This is the website to Mad Magazine, which was one of the few non casualties of the censorship purges of the fifties and has endured today as comics' premier humor publication.
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Horror Comics
In the 1950's horror comics reigned supreme. But it may have been their graphic depictions of murder and ghoulishness that prompted the most severe clampdown of all during this time. A resurgence in the last two decades has brought horror comics back into the spotlight.
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Funny Animal
Younger children were the target audience of these books. Although kids today may be more sophisticated, and therefore less interested in such "childish" subject matter, these books have also become nostalgic collectors items for baby boomers.
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War Comics
This category of books has always been extremely popular but has mainly focused on WWII. There have, in recent years, been new books that have covered the Vietnam War, the Gulf War, the Civil War and even reached back to historical conflicts from ancient Greece and Rome.
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Western Comics
This website is a pretty comprehensive look at western style comics, a number of which were based on popular western heroes of the movies and to a lesser degree, television.
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Classics Illustrated Comics
More than likely everyone has had a Classics Illustrated at one point or another in their lives. These adaptations of the greatest books of our literary heritage were extremely well crafted. Cheaper than Cliff Notes, too.
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3D Comics
The 3d craze not only hit the movies but has also been used for the comics format. This site is about Ray Zone, the King of 3-D Comics.
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Adult Comics
Comics aren't just for kids anymore. Many underground comics were filled with sex and drug references but today, the adult market for comics has come up from underground into the mainstream. Cherry Poptart is but one example.
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What the--?
I couldn't even begin to speculate what prompted these comics...
Comics are not limited to American audiences. They are extremely popular in Europe and Japan. The Japanese form of comics are known as Manga and are much more readily accepted by adults as a legitimate form of entertainment.
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Comics from the UK
A growing number of artists and writers have made the transition from Great Britain to the US. But most of them started their careers on an anthology series from England known as 2000AD. This book was the home of many characters, such as Judge Dredd, Orlok, and Strontium Dog.
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Japanese Manga
Manga is probably the most popular form of comic from abroad. Widely read in Japan, even by adults, it has been the source of countless movies, TV shows, toys, and cartoons. The animated form of manga are known as anime.
Comics today are big business. Accordingly, more and more companies are forming to produce them. This is not an all inclusive listing but merely a sampling of some of the more widely recognized companies that make comics.
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Marvel Comics
Marvel (or Timely as it was originally known) is one of the "Big Two" comics companies. Marvel Comics has produced some of popular cultures most enduring icons - Spider-Man, The Fantastic Four, The Hulk and the X-Men - as well as hundreds of others.
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DC Comics
The other company in the "Big Two" is DC Comics. DC is the home of Superman, Batman, The Flash, Green Lantern, Wonder Woman and many more.
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Image Comics
Image is somewhat of an upstart company that has, over the last decade emerged as a strong contender. Their core members were a group of disgruntled Marvel artists and writers that left to form their own company and beat the odds to become a force to be reckoned with. The company's most popular characters are Spawn and The Savage Dragon.
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Darkhorse Comics
Known primarily for their books that tie in to other media, such as Star Wars, Aliens, and The Terminator, Darkhorse also lays claim to a number of original books, like Hellboy and Madman.
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Wildstorm Comics
An offshoot of DC Comics, Wildstorm is home to books that sometimes are more extreme than the norm. The Authority is the example that embodies this brand of book.
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Oni Press Comics
The most well known of the independent, small house publishers, Oni is known for a more eclectic selection of books such as Queen and Country, an espionage series and Jingle Belle, a humor title.
While this is by no means an all encompassing guide to comic art (as there are hundreds of artists at work in the field today), this list of 10 have earned a place in the upper echelon of the field for their outstanding contributions to the art form.
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Jack Kirby
Arguably, the most influential comic writer/artist of all time. This web site is devoted to Kirby's vast amount of work, from his wartime creation of Captain America to his groundbreaking work for Marvel Comics in the 60's, his Fourth World work for DC Comics in the 70's and all projects up till his death in 1994.
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Steve Ditko
Alongside Kirby, Steve Ditko's work for Marvel Comics in the 1960's set the standards by which most comic work today is compared. The co-creator of Spider-Man and Dr. Strange as well as the creator of such characters as The Question, The Creeper and Shade The Changing Man, established the reclusive artist as one of the legends of the comics field.
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John Romita Sr.
The man some consider the definitive Spider-Man artist, John Romita was nervous about filling the shoes left by Steve Ditko when he departed Marvel Comics and the Spider-Man book. Whatever worries he had could be left behind as Romita helped bring the character to even greater heights of fame. This website showcases a selection of his pencil art from his initial Spider-Man run.
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John Romita Jr.
The son of one of Marvel Comics most beloved illustrators, John Romita Jr. has carved out his own niche in the field as perhaps the best visual storyteller today. Not content to coast on his famous father's reputation, he continues to illustrate The Amazing Spider-Man in a style that he can call his own.
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Joe Kubert
The artist most closely associated with war comics, Joe Kubert has illustrated the adventures of Sgt. Rock, Enemy Ace and The Haunted Tank for DC Comics. His legacy continues with his sons Adam and Andy. He also established Joe Kubert School of Cartoon and Graphic Art, Inc. in 1976.
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Will Eisner
Will Eisner is possibly the most respected man in comics today. His work on The Spirit is a masterpiece of sequential art, and his page layout techniques are textbook examples of dynamic storytelling. There are very few artists in the field today who don't owe a debt to this pioneer, who continues - in his 80's - to work today.
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Alex Ross
When it comes to a realistic approach to the superheroic form, the name Alex Ross comes immediately to mind. His claim to fame comes from two highly accaimed mini-series, Marvels for Marvel Comics and Kingdom Come for DC Comics. Ross's paintings have brought much attention to comics as a legitimate art form, and his work has shown up on everything from book covers to designing the 2002 Academy Awards commemorative poster.
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Frank Miller
Mention the name Frank Miller to anyone who's read a comic since the 1980's and he'll probably tell you about one or more of Miller's seminal works. Whether it's his award winning mini-series Batman - The Dark Knight Returns, his run on Daredevil, the Man without Fear, or his creator owned Sin City, Miller has taken comics to an edge not seen since the pulp magazines of the 1930's.
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John Byrne
Having spent more than two decades in the comics field as both a writer and artist, John Byrne has worked on probably every major comic character to come out of "The Big Two", Marvel and DC Comics, as well as his own creation, The Next Men. Byrne was given one of the highest profile jobs in 1986, when he revamped the almost 60 year old Superman for today's audiences. It is considered a high mark run of stories and helped usher in a whole new generation of readers.
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Robert Crumb
The unofficial king of underground comics, Robert Crumb brought counterculture to the masses (or at least the masses of comic book readers) in the late 1960's and early 1970's. He is best known for creating Mr. Natural and Fritz the Cat.
There are many more individuals whose work transformed the industry and inspired countless other artists as well as kids growing up wanting to illustrate the adventures of their favorite characters. (I know the art I grew up seeing in the comics is what inspired me to pursue a career in the graphic arts.) The roster of talented artists is almost endless: Dave Stevens, Gil Kane, Sal and John Buscema, Byrne Hogarth, Dave Sim, Jim Steranko, Neal Adams, George Perez, Dale Keown, Alan Davis, Gene Colan, Curt Swan, Mobius, Sergio Aragones, Carl Banks, Alex Toth, Bob Kane, Joe Sinnott, Wally Wood, Basil Wolverton, Mort Drucker and many, many more. These artists were my Van Goghs and DaVincis. All can be found on the internet on one site or another. But even better, their work can be found in collections of books, graphic novels, trade paperbacks and currently drawn comics today. Why not check 'em out?
Although primarily a visually oriented medium, comics exist to tell stories. These 10 writers are renowned for their skill and imagination in finding unique ways to breathe life into the four-color characters of the comics.
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Stan Lee
If any one man can be said to have created an entire universe, Stan Lee would be that man. Probably the most well known comics writer in the history of the medium, Stan is the driving force and co-creator (along with artists Jack Kirby and Steve Ditko) of the Marvel pantheon of characters; The Fantastic Four, Spider-Man, The Hulk, Iron Man, Dr. Strange, The X-Men and hundreds more.
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Alan Moore
The creative mind of Alan Moore was responsible for perhaps some of the greatest stories ever told in the medium of comics. His work on DC Comics' Watchmen mini-series is seen as a turning point in superhero comic evolution. No longer content with simple tales of morality, Moore wrote characters of depth and subtlety. Along with his V For Vendetta, Swamp Thing, and new works like The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Moore continues to raise the bar for comics writers.
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Frank Miller
The only man who made both the Top Ten Artist and Writer listings here, Miller has written some of the most influential stories of the 1980's and 90's. Miller singlehandedly made Batman a force to be reckoned with and he also resurrected Daredevil from obscurity. His work outside the superhero comic, most notably Sin City, continues to win accolades and brings new readers into the fold.
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Chris Claremont
Although created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, if it weren't for this man, The Uncanny X-Men wouldn't be comics' reigning juggernaut. Claremont's 20-plus (and still going) years on The X-Men revived a dying concept and with some of the best characterization ever written in a comic, the book soared in popularity, where it remains to this day.
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Brian Michael Bendis
Comics real life Superman, Bendis writes an incredible four monthly books, Ultimate Spider-Man, Daredevil, Alias and Powers. Although his genre work keeps him in the spotlight, his earlier crime fiction books Fire, Torso, Jinx and Goldfish are what put him there.
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Grant Morrison
Weird. That's probably the best way to describe Grant Morrison's vision. Noone in the comics world comes close to the flat-out bizarre concepts that Morrison has written about in books such as Doom Patrol, The Filth, Animal Man, The Invisibles, Kill Your Girlfriend, and Flex Mentallo. On second thought, weird doesn't even begin to describe it.
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Peter David
While a lot of writers do their best to show comics as a serious art form, David keeps the humor in. Having worked on Marvel's The Incredible Hulk for more than 10 years and writing what many feel was the definitive version of the character, David's sense of humor kept the book from growing stale.
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Neil Gaiman
A best-selling author (Neverwhere and American Gods are just two examples), Gaiman entered comics history with his poetic, fascinating Sandman for DC Comics. Never had a non-superhero book drawn so much well deserved attention before. Gaiman's singular voice on the book was so prevalent, that when he decided to leave the book after 60 plus issues, DC let him end the series rather than try to continue in what was surely comics' toughest act to follow.
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Brian Azzarello
There's a new voice in crime fiction. One that has captured readers because of it's dark grittiness and authenticity. Azzarello's 100 Bullets is a must read for anyone who avoids comics because they think they're for kids only.
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Marv Wolfman
Horror comics, once a mainstay of the 1950's saw a resurgence in the 1970's largely due to Marv Wolfman's run on Tomb of Dracula for Marvel. He showed that a comic character didn't have to wear spandex to captivate readers. And more importantly, no writer had ever had the kind of success Wolfman did by having a loathsome, villainous monster as the lead character.
As with the artists, there are too many good writers to list here. But here are some you can look up yourself on the web or read their stories in various trade paperbacks and collections: Bruce Jones, Matt Wagner, Greg Rucka, Mark Millar, Garth Ennis, Roy Thomas, James Robinson, Geoff Johns, Len Wein, Jim Shooter, Dave Sim, Rick Veitch, Max Collins, Jeph Loeb, the list goes on. So go on...Go to the store already! Or the library! Or your nephews house! Anywhere comics may live. Try some, I guarantee. You'll like them.
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